Prevalence of COPD Exacerbation with Type-2 Diabetes Comorbidity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (type-2 DM) is one of the comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), associated with the incidence of respiratory tract infections which is a risk factor for COPD exacerbations.

Methods: Systematic review include publications from January 1st 2015 to October 31th 2021, using data base Pubmed and Google Scholar and meta-analysis conducted to summarize prevalence of COPD exacerbation with type-2 DM with subgroup analysis base on geographical location, study design, study period also characteristic population COPD exacerbation with type-2 DM comorbidities.

Results: Seven studies conducted in the meta-analysis. Pooled prevalence of COPD exacerbations with type-2 DM comorbidity was 34.22% (95%CI: 27.49%-41.28%) and heterogeneity (I2=87.69%, Q=48.75, p=<0.001). Five studies were based in Europe, one study in Asia and the Americas.

Prevalence of COPD exacerbations with type-2 DM comorbidity based on WHO region subgroup analysis found European region 34.70% (95%CI:25.88%-43.96%), America’s region 40.28% (95%CI: 39 .89%-40.79%) and the Western Pacific region 26.01%(95%CI:0.20;0.32) with statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 77%, Q=17.63, p=<0.001). Population age of the study was above 60 years and more males than females (n=30,58.8% vs n=21,41.1%). Most common other comorbidities of COPD exacerbation were hypertension, obesity, and coronary heart disease.

Conclusion: Pooled prevalence of COPD exacerbations with comorbid type-2 DM in this systematic review and meta-analysis was 34.22% (95%CI: 27.49%-41.28%)