Effects of Chronic Inhalation of Dichlorvos on Anti-atherogenic and Atherogenic Indices in the Blood of New Zealand White Rabbits

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the effects of chronic inhalation of Dichlorvos on Anti-atherogenic and Atherogenic Indices in the Blood of New Zealand White Rabbits.

Methodology: A total of twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits, two months old weighing between 1.0 and 1.2 kg, were used for the study. They were divided into three (3) groups, each consisting of four (4) rabbits and a corresponding number of matched controls, for long-term toxicological effects of dichlorvos on the rabbits (30, 60 and 90 days).The rabbits received ten (10%) of the LD50 dose. The LD50 dose was 0.5 mg/m3, while 10% of the median lethal dose of dichlorvos which was 0.05 mg/m3 was diluted with 1.0 milliliter of distilled water. It was administered by spraying in a closed cage \containing the rabbits every day for thirty, sixty, and ninety days. At the end of each month, a set of rabbits in the experimental group with their matched control were sacrificed using chloroform. Five milliliters (5 mls) of blood was collected from each rabbit at the stipulated period of thirty, sixty, and ninety days. ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests was used for result analysis. Variation in mean of parameters were considered statistically significant at P<0.05.

Results: At day 30 inhalation exposure to dichlorvos cardio protective parameter AAI (anti Atherogenic index) showed significant decrease while TG/HDL-C, CRI-I, CRI-II, AIP, AC showed no significant differences when compared with the control. Between day 60 and 90 days of exposure, significant elevations were observed on CRI-I, CRI-II with significant decrease in AAI level as shown; AAI control-(39.16±5.79), day 30-(22.70±2.86), day 60-(16.51±2.20), day 90-(12.87±3.61); CRI-I control-(6.44±1.18), day 30-(7.19±0.77), day 60-(8.50±1.35), day 90-(10.88±0.45); CRI-II control-(4.46±0.85), day 30-(5.56±0.72), day 60-(6.47±1.28), day 90-(9.13±0.36)

Conclusion: Dichlorvos inhalation exposure caused changes (decrease) in cardioprotective index (AAI) with significant alterations or increases in the atherogenic indices of treated rabbits and the severity was more pronounced at day 90 of exposure.